First Aid for Pet Owners – What to Do When Your Dog or Cat Gets Injured

Our pets are more than animals — they’re family. And just like with people, emergencies can happen when you least expect them. Whether it’s a cut paw on a country walk or a choking hazard at home, knowing how to respond in those critical first moments can make all the difference.

At Essex First Aid & Wellbeing, we’re passionate about First Aid for people — but we also want to empower pet owners with the knowledge to support their furry friends in an emergency. This blog offers a practical introduction to pet First Aid, helping dog and cat owners understand what to do when things go wrong.

Why Pet First Aid Matters

Vets aren’t always nearby. Emergencies can happen:

• On walks in rural areas

• While camping or travelling

• After-hours, on weekends

• When a vet visit is delayed

Having basic First Aid knowledge for pets allows you to:

• Provide immediate comfort

• Prevent worsening injuries

• Reduce pain and distress

• Improve recovery chances

• Potentially save your pet’s life

Common Pet Emergencies and First Aid Responses

1. Bleeding (External)

Cause: Cuts from glass, thorns, or sharp objects

First Aid:

• Muzzle the animal if there’s a risk of biting (injured pets may lash out)

• Apply firm pressure with a clean cloth or dressing

• Use a bandage to hold pressure if possible

• Raise the injured area if practical

• Seek vet help immediately if bleeding is heavy or doesn’t stop in 5–10 minutes

2. Choking

Signs:

• Pawing at the mouth

• Gagging or retching

• Drooling or wheezing

• Distress or collapse

First Aid:

• Carefully open the mouth and look for visible obstruction

• If safe, remove it with fingers or tweezers

• If not breathing or collapsing:

  • For small pets: use a modified Heimlich manoeuvre (apply pressure just behind the rib cage)

  • For large pets: firm thrusts just under the ribcage (consult your vet for guidance)

• Get to a vet urgently

3. Burns and Scalds

Causes: Hot surfaces, spilled liquids, chemicals

First Aid:

• Cool the area with cold water for 10 minutes

• Do not apply creams or ointments

• Cover with a clean, non-stick dressing

• Keep the pet warm and calm

• Take to the vet immediately

4. Insect Bites or Stings

Signs: Swelling, scratching, whining, hives, or breathing issues

First Aid:

• Remove the stinger if visible

• Apply a cold compress

• Watch for signs of an allergic reaction (swelling of face, lips, or difficulty breathing)

• Contact your vet if swelling worsens or reaction occurs

5. Road Traffic Accidents

Even if your pet seems fine, internal injuries may exist.

First Aid:

• Do not move unless absolutely necessary

• Muzzle gently if risk of biting

• Keep the pet warm and calm

• Transport using a towel or blanket for support

• See a vet immediately

6. Poisoning

Common poisons include:

• Chocolate

• Grapes/raisins

• Antifreeze

• Human medications

• Cleaning products

• Lilies (toxic to cats)

Signs: Vomiting, drooling, tremors, seizures, collapse

First Aid:

• Do not induce vomiting unless advised by a vet

• Call your vet or Animal PoisonLine: 01202 509 000

• Have product packaging or info ready

What to Keep in a Pet First Aid Kit

A pet-specific First Aid kit should include:

• Gauze and bandages

• Adhesive tape

• Tweezers and blunt scissors

• Antiseptic wipes (pet-safe)

• Saline solution

• Cold compress or instant ice pack

• Digital thermometer (rectal, for pets)

• Muzzle or soft restraint

• Blanket or towel

• Latex gloves

• List of emergency vet contacts

When to Call the Vet

Always seek veterinary help after:

• Severe bleeding

• Burns

• Seizures or collapse

• Suspected poisoning

• Breathing difficulties

• Signs of extreme pain

Even if symptoms pass quickly, it's best to get professional assessment.

Keep Calm, Keep Prepared

Accidents happen — but panic doesn’t have to. Learning even a little pet First Aid makes a big difference in an emergency.